Deep Links

Where do most people go to optimize other pages other than the home page? How do you get people to link to your other pages? Do you just use internal linking to apply page rank to your other pages?

Add something 'useful' for others is usually a good place to start.

Like Fathom says - good content will attract valuable (one-way) links.

I just optimize them in the same way as my home page.
The difference is that I get total control over the majority of incoming anchors... add a couple of external links and away you go!

With regard to "getting external links", it's exactly the same as getting links to the home page... if the subject matter of the internal page is more closely related to the linking site than my home page... that's where I ask them to link to.

Assuming you have good content already, optimizing your internal pages further will be more difficult than optimizing a home page but usualy on internal pages I go after smaller key phrases that are usualy much easier to rank well on! I use the home page optimization for the tougher key phrases.

You can think of optimizing your other inside pages as a group of pages and not as single ones. For example you can use tens of your internal pages for introducing and optimizing a second product or item in addition to the ones already presenr on your home page.